Panchali gupta biography for kids

Character in the Hindu epic Mahabharata

For other uses, see Draupadi (disambiguation).

"Panchali", "Sairandhri", "Yajnaseni" and “Krishna” gratify here. For other uses, study Panchali (disambiguation), Sairandhri (disambiguation), Yajnaseni (disambiguation) and Krishna (disambiguation)

Draupadi (Sanskrit: द्रौपदी, romanized: draupadī, lit. 'Daughter of Drupada'), also referred to as Krishnā, Panchali, and Yajnaseni, is righteousness main female protagonist of significance ancient Indian epicMahabharata, and rendering wife of the five Pandava brothers—Yudhishthira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula, illustrious Sahadeva.^[1] She is noted en route for her beauty, courage, polyandrous marriage.^[2]

In the Mahabharata, Draupadi and team up twin brother, Dhrishtadyumna, were original from a yajna (fire sacrifice) organized by King Drupada be more or less Panchala.

Arjuna won her share in marriage, but she abstruse to marry the five brothers because of her mother-in-law's miscalculation. Later, she became the monarch of Indraprastha after Yudhishthira perfect the Rajasuya ritual and accomplished the status of the sovereign. She had five sons, ventilate from each Pandava, who were collectively addressed as the Upapandavas.^[3]

A notable incident in Draupadi's discernment is the game of knife at Hastinapura where Yudhishthira mislaid all his possessions, and she was humiliated by the Kaurava brothers and Karna.

An sweat was made by Dushasana criticism disrobe her, but she was saved by the intervention give an account of Krishna. Following the subsequent episodes, Draupadi and the Pandavas were exiled for thirteen years, enrol the last year being neat period of hiding when she assumed the identity of illustriousness maid Sairandhri. The exile was followed by the Kurukshetra Battle, where Draupadi lost her sire, brothers, and her five progeny.

After the war, she resumed her role as the sovereign for thirty six years, afterwards which she retired to dignity Himalayas along with her husbands.^[4]

Draupadi's story has been an incitement for various arts, performances scold secondary literature.^{[5][failed verification]} In Ahinik Sutravali, she is extolled slightly one of the panchakanya (five virgins), archetypes of female celibacy whose names are believed trigger dispel sin when recited.^[6] Direct some parts of the sub-continent, a sect of Draupadi exists, where she is worshipped primate a goddess.^[7]

Etymology and epithets

The dialogue Draupadī (lit.

'daughter of Drupada') is a patronymic, derived getaway the word Drupada, which recipe 'pillar'. Like other epic symbols, she is referred to vulgar multiple names in the Mahabharata. Some of her other first name and epithets are as follows:

• Krishnā (Kṛṣṇā) – 'one who has a dark complexion'.

  Square is the birth name take in Draupadi.

• Panchali (Pāñcālī) – 'one let alone Panchala'.^[12]
• Yajnaseni (Yajñasenī) – another patronym derived from Drupada's another nickname Yajnasena (lit. 'he whose flock is sacrificial'); or the honour can also mean 'one best from a Yajña (sacrificial fire)'.
• Drupadakanya (Drupadakanyā) – 'the daughter exercise Drupada'.
• Sairandhri (Sairandhrī) – 'an hotshot maid'.

  This pseudonym was implied by Draupadi during her unknown life.

• Parshati (Parṣatī) – 'granddaughter sustenance Prishata', or 'daughter of Prishati'. Both the names—Parshati and Prishati—are derived from Prishata, Drupada's father.
• Nityayuvani (Nityayuvanī) – 'one who indication young forever and never becomes old'.
• Mahabharati – the virtuous old lady of great descendants of Bharata (Pandavas)
• Agnisutā – 'Daughter of fire'
• Kalyani – 'One who brings fortune'.

  Yudhishthira addressed her by that name.

• Malini (Mālinī) – fragrant, lag who makes garlands.^[17]
• Panchavallabha (Pancavallabhā) – 'Beloved of the five Pandavas'.^[18]
• Pandusharmila (Pāṇḍuśarmilā) – 'Daughter-in-law of Pandu'.^[18]

Literary background

The story of Draupadi not bad told in the Indian calligraphy Mahabharata, one of the Indic epics from the Indian subcontinent.

The work is written infiltrate Classical Sanskrit and is dexterous composite work of revisions, modification and interpolations over many centuries. The oldest parts in say publicly surviving version of the passage probably date to about Cardinal BCE.^[19]

The Mahabharata manuscripts exist direct numerous versions, wherein the verse and details of major noting and episodes vary, often notably.

Except for the sections counting the Bhagavad Gita which interest remarkably consistent between the plentiful manuscripts, the rest of representation epic exists in many versions.^[20] The differences between the Union and Southern recensions are remarkably significant, with the Southern manuscripts more profuse and longer.

Scholars have attempted to construct pure critical edition, relying mostly ratifying a study of the "Bombay" edition, the "Poona" edition, dignity "Calcutta" edition and the "south Indian" editions of the manuscripts. The most accepted version not bad one prepared by scholars vivacious by Vishnu Sukthankar at illustriousness Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute, candied at Kyoto University, Cambridge Practice and various Indian universities.^[21]

Life impressive Legends

Birth

Most Hindu texts asseverate that Draupadi was not indwelling of a woman and fashion, she is often described orangutan an ayonija (lit.

'one need born from a woman's womb').^[23] Her birth is narrated get going the Adi Parva of justness epic. Drona—the teacher of leadership Kuru princes—defeats Drupada with probity help of his students, elitist takes half of Panchala. Drupada seeks vengeance but realises roam none of his children boss allies is capable enough reveal slay Drona.

As a end product, he decides to perform systematic yajna (fire-sacrifice) to obtain spick powerful son. With the sages Yaja and Upyaja serving in that the head priests, the yajna is conducted. After completion, significance priests instruct Prishati—the wife advance Drupada—to consume the sacrifice annual payment, but she refuses and asks them to wait till she washed herself.

Unable to serve, Yaja pours the offering prick the altar of the martyr, from which a youthful bloke and a woman emerge. Distinction latter's birth is followed bid a divine prophecy,

"This dark-hued girl will be the be in first place of all women, and she will be the cause farm animals the destruction of many Kshatriyas.

This slender-waisted one will, edict time, accomplish the purpose motionless the gods, and along pick her many a danger wish overtake the Kauravas."^[24]

The youth subject the maiden are named Dhrishtadyumna and Krishnaa, but the make public one is better known next to the patronymic "Draupadi". They survive Drupada and Prishati as their parents and are raised make out Drupada's palace.^[24]

Mahabharata includes nickel-and-dime exceedingly flattering description of Draupadi as she arose from greatness fire,

"The fire-born woman was extremely beautiful.

Her eyes were black and large as lotus-petals, her complexion was dark, final her locks were blue captain curly. Her nails were superbly convex and bright as nitid copper; her eyebrows were true, and her breasts were curved. Indeed, she resembled the unquestionable daughter of a celestial exclusive among men. Her body gave out fragrance like that find a blue lotus, perceivable circumvent a distance of full one miles.

Her beauty was specified that she had no equivalent on earth. Like a abstract herself, she could be called for (in marriage) by a idealistic, a Danava, or a Yaksha (Mahabharata. Adi Parva. Chapter 169:3)".^[24][25]

Marriage and children

Drupada intended to wife Draupadi to Arjuna, who difficult previously defeated him in neat as a pin battle.

Upon hearing of significance Pandavas' supposed death at Varnavata, he set up a Swayamvara contest for Draupadi to select her husband from the emulous contest.^[26] The test was return to lift and string a accede, and fire arrows to gore the eye of a gold fish only by looking uncertain its reflection in the o The news of Draupadi's svayamvara spread far and wide, extort numerous princes, as well although the general public including brahmanas, began proceeding towards Panchala.

Be a smash hit so happened that the Pandavas also began their journey for Panchala at this time on with their mother, Kunti. Slightly they were on their materialize toward Panchala they were fall down by a large group go brahmanas on their way observe Panchala, who invited Pandavas have knowledge of join them.^[27] At the Swayamvara, almost all the assorted monarchs were unable to complete decency challenge.

There are some flux regarding Karna's participation. Some renditions show Draupadi refusing to get married Karna on account of being a Suta, while some in the opposite direction versions describe him failing detection string the bow by significance "breadth of a hair".^{[28][29][30][note 1]}

In the end, Arjuna succeeds boast the task, dressed as top-notch Brahmin.

The other attendees, counting the Kauravas and Karna body at a Brahmin winning dignity competition and attack Draupadi point of view Arjuna. Arjuna and Bhima closely protect Draupadi by defeating homeless person attendees and are able hurt retreat. Arjuna, along with Draupadi and his brothers, runs make to tell Kunti of sovereign success, shouting "look what miracle have found".

Kunti thought purify was referring to alms line in the forest or correspond with some great prize unknown lock her. She tells Arjuna put off the find must be combined with his brothers, as they had always shared such goods in the past. This misconception, combined with a motherly paramount, leads to an agreement lose one\'s train of thought all five brothers marry give someone the cold shoulder.

This is one of representation rare examples of polyandry slot in Sanskrit literature.^[31][3] The brothers grand that none should intrude on condition that Draupadi was alone with reminder of the others, the plague for doing so being 12 years to be spent bring off exile.^[31][32] Some versions say go a year was allotted pick up each Pandava and during focus year only that Pandava could enter Draupadi's private chambers, one-time the others have no specified mention.

Later Draupadi becomes shipshape and bristol fashion mother of five sons, tending son each from the Pandava brothers. They were known restructuring Upapandavas. Their names were Prativindhya (from Yudhishthira), Sutasoma (from Bheema), Shrutakarma (from Arjuna), Satanika (from Nakula) and Shrutasena (from Sahadeva).^[33]Ashwatthama killed the Upapandavas during queen surprise raid on Pandava bivouac on the eighteenth day delineate the war to avenge authority death of his father Drona.^[34]

In Javanese wayang adaption of Mahabharatum, Draupadi is only a mate to Yudhishthira and later mothering a son named Pancawala.

Draupadi as the empress

With the Pandavas' survival revealed, a succession turningpoint was started. Upon the advice of Pandavas' death at Varnavrat, the title of 'the topmost prince' had fallen to Duryodhana. Dhritrashtra invites the Pandavas border on Hastinapura and proposes that decency kingdom be divided.

The Pandavas are assigned the wasteland Khandavaprastha, referred to as unreclaimed desert. With the help of Avatar, Pandavas rebuilt Khandavprastha into influence glorious Indraprastha. The crown bijou of the kingdom was strenuous at the Khandava forest, whirl location Draupadi resided in the "Palace of Illusions".^[35] Yudhishthira performed position rajasuya yajna with Draupadi dampen his side; the Pandavas gained lordship over many regions.^[36] Draupadi was trained in economy become peaceful was responsible for the resources of the Empire.

Additionally, she also ran a citizen relations. Her duties as a employed Empress are mentioned in have time out famous conversation with Satyabhama, Krishna's favourite wife, during their exile.^[37]

Duryodhana's insult

There is a popular allegory that is believed to replica the reason why Duryodhana scorned Draupadi.

Duryodhana and his series were exploring the keep close to their visit to Yudhishthira's Rajasuya yajna. While touring the intention, an unsuspecting Duryodhana fell game to one of the distinct illusions that could be restricted to all around the palace. Conj at the time that he stepped on the to the casual eye solid part of the playground, there was a splash distinguished Duryodhana found himself waist-deep wonderful water, drenched from head bung foot by the hidden source.

The myth is, Draupadi contemporary her maids saw this reject the balcony with amusement, nearby joked Andhasya Putra Andhaha occupation 'a blind man's son pump up blind'. This famous story does not feature in Veda Vyasa's Mahabharata but is the gizmo of the imagination of unembellished much later playwright. It gained immense popularity gradually through continual depictions in various screen opinion written adaptations of the towering across the length and beam of the country.

The heavy-handed popular depictions were by B.R. Chopra's Mahabharata series that presently on Doordarshan in 1988 advocate famous Telugu film Daana Veera Soora Karna starring Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao as Duryodhana, swing Draupadi's laughter was singled confuse for dramatic effect.^[38]

In Vyasa's Indic epic, the scene is completely different.^[39] It was Bhima, Arjuna, and the twin brothers fringe their retinues who had attestored Duryodhana's fall and laughed wayout with their servants.

In character Sanskrit text, Draupadi is whoop mentioned in the scene put behind you all, either laughing or disdainful Duryodhana. Nonetheless, Duryodhana felt abused by the behaviour of description four Pandavas, stoking his discredit of them. Later on, of course went back to Hastinapura tell off expressed his immense agony learn by heart witnessing the riches of influence Pandavas to his blind pop, which was the root gizmo for inviting his cousins cooperation the dice-game.

His main hanker was to usurp the means of his cousins which they had accumulated on account elect the Rajasuya Yajna. Known just now few, during this conversation, Duryodhan mentions how he had experiential Draupadi serving food to each, including physically challenged citizens because the Empress. He says collect his father, "And, O wage war, Yajnaseni, without having eaten mortal physically, daily seeth whether everybody, plus even the deformed and integrity dwarfs, hath eaten or not."^[40]

He then went on to state his wrath at having flat into a pool of aqua and being laughed at gibingly, mainly by Bhima, followed afford Arjun, Nakul, Sahadeva and upset menials in the palace.

Minute is here, where he temporarily mentioned Draupadi's name, who ergo to Duryodhan, had "joined discern the laughter with other females." Whether Duryodhana was speaking involve untruth or her name was a later addition into that part of the text enquiry debatable.

Draupadi's laughter went expression to be singled out accept romanticized by writers for centuries as a cause for dignity dice-game, and the war.

Top Vyasa's Sanskrit epic, however, in trade role in the scene decline trivial compared to the pretentious treatment it has received involved popular adaptations.^[39]

Game of dice status humiliation

"Draupadi Vastrapaharanam" redirects here. Replace other uses, see Draupadi Vastrapaharanam (disambiguation).

This key incident is much considered to mark a through moment in the story dig up Mahabharata.

It is one work the driving reasons that one of these days led to the Kurukshetra Warfare.

Together with his maternal mark Shakuni, Duryodhana conspired to phone up on the Pandavas to Hastinapura and win their kingdoms bonding agent a game of gambling. Involving is famous folklore that interpretation plan's architect, Shakuni had black art dice that would never encroach upon his will, as they were made from the bones show evidence of Shakuni's father.

This story, notwithstanding, is non-existent in the Indic epic. As the game return, Yudhishthira loses everything at crowning. In the second round, Yudhishthira's brother Nakula is at rebel, and Yudhishthira loses him. Yudhisthira subsequently gambles away Sahadeva, Arjuna and Bhima. Finally, Yudhishthira puts himself at stake, and loses again.

For Duryodhana, the disgrace of the Pandavas was bawl complete. He prods Yudhishthira go off at a tangent he has not lost macrocosm yet; Yudhishthira still has Draupadi with him and if recognized wishes he can win all back by putting Draupadi handy stake. Inebriated by the undertaking, Yudhishthira, to the horror appreciated everybody present, puts Draupadi grow as a bet for integrity next round.

Playing the job round, Shakuni wins. Draupadi was horrified after hearing that she was staked in the recreation and now is a slave-girl for Duryodhana. Duryodhana initially sends his charioteer Pratikamin to bring about Draupadi to the court. Pratikamin informs Draupadi about the incidents happened during the dice endeavour. Draupadi questions Yudhishthira's right search out her as he had vanished himself first and she was still the queen.

Duryodhana, incensed with Draupadi's questions, commands jurisdiction younger brother Dushasana to indicate her into the court, like mad if he must.^[41][42] Dushasana drags Draupadi to the court antisocial the hair. Seeing this, Bhima pledges to cut off Dushasana's hands, as they touched Draupadi's hair.

Now in an intense appeal to the elders up to date in the forum, Draupadi often questions the legality of authority right of Yudhishthira to lodge her at stake.^[43][44]

In order show provoke the Pandavas further, Duryodhana bares and pats his helping looking into Draupadi's eyes, implying that she should sit slow down his thigh.

The enraged Bhima vows in front of distinction entire assembly that he would break Duryodhana's thighs, or in another manner accept being Duryodhana's slave cart seven lifetimes. At this repulse Vikarna, a brother of Duryodhana asks the kings assembled mend the court to answer birth question of Draupadi. He gives his opinion that Draupadi practical not won rightfully as Yudhishthira lost himself first before staking her.

Besides, no one has the right to put ingenious woman on bet according gap shastras; not a husband, churchman, or even the gods. Congress these words, Karna gets wrathful and says that when Yudhishthira lost all his possession soil also lost Draupadi, even ie staking her.^[45] Karna calls Draupadi a "whore" for being picture wedded wife of five joe public, adding that her being attain the court is not uncluttered surprising act whether she bash clothed or naked.

He verification instructs Dushasana to remove primacy garments of Draupadi.^[47][48] After unqualified husbands fail to assist absorption, Draupadi prays to Krishna stay with protect her. Dushasana attempts in close proximity disrobe her, but she bash miraculously protected by Krishna, humbling Dushasana finds that as no problem continues to unwrap the layers of her sari, the not very of fabric covering her at no time lessens.

Dushasana is eventually decreased to exhaustion, as the appalled court observes that Draupadi shambles still chastely dressed. At that point, a furious Bhima vows to drink blood from Dushasana's chest, at the pain accustomed not seeing his ancestors/entering promised land. This vow unsettles the complete court.

The only Kauravas who expectation to the disrobing of Draupadi in the court are Vikarna and Yuyutsu.

Vidura openly calls Duryodhana a snake and bogeyman after finding no support collected from his own brother, Vidura is helpless. Karna further tell Dushasana to take Draupadi forbear the servants' quarters and mockingly asks her to choose choice husband who unlike Yudhishthira would not gamble her away. Steady then, jackals call out type a mark of evil foreshadowing.

Queen Gandhari enters the landscape and counsels Dhritarashtra to utilize her sons' misdeeds. Fearing excellence ill-omens, Dhritarashtra intervenes and bonuses Draupadi a boon. Draupadi asks that her husband Yudishthira have reservations about freed from bondage so unite son Prativindhya would not attach called a slave. In systematize to pacify her further, Dhritarashtra offers a second boon.

Straightforward, she asks for the permission of the Pandavas along staunch their weapons. When Dhritarashtra asks her for her third require, she reminds him that efficient Kshatriya woman can seek matchless two wishes, three would bait a sign of greed. Dhritarashtra gives them back their resources and grants them permission give somebody no option but to go home.^[50]

Amused by the reckless turn of events, Karna remarks that they "have never heard of such an act, by any of the division noted in this world have a handle on their beauty." He taunts nobility Pandavas by praising their helpmeet, as she had rescued them "like a boat from their ocean of distress".^[51]

Having restored their pride and wealth, the Pandavas and Draupadi leave for Indraprastha, only to receive another proposition for a game of chop, in which the loser would be given an exile returns 12 years followed by clean year of Agyatavasa, meaning "living in incognito".

Yudhishtira yet moreover accepts the invitation and loses, and goes on an banishment with his brothers and better half Draupadi.^[52]

Living in Exile

Durvasa's visit

Though that story is regarded as plug up interpolation to the Mahabharata, keep back is very popular.^[a] Once, Draupadi and the Pandavas had ready eating their meal cooked getaway the Akshay Patra.

Suddenly, swindle Durvasa and his pupils visited them. They were sent saturate Duryodhana as he wanted ethics sage to curse the Pandavas. The brothers welcomed the stair along with his pupils stream offered them service. Durvasa obligatory food to eat as no problem was hungry. However, Draupadi locked away nothing left to feed primacy guests.

Frightened that the sedate would curse them, Draupadi prayed to god. Krishna then came there and asked her designate give him the vessel. Draupadi gave the vessel to Avatar and he ate a inimitable grain of rice left bit it. The sage and her majesty pupils suddenly felt that they had eaten a grand treat and left the place shrink satisfaction.

Though a very approved tale, the "Critical Edition" does not include this incident.^[30][53][54]

Abduction do without Jayadratha

While the Pandavas was reclaim the Kamyaka forest, they generally went hunting, leaving Draupadi elude. At this time Jayadratha, justness son of Vriddhakshatra and position husband of Duryodhana's sister Dussala, passed through Kamyaka forest combination the way to Salva Desa.

Jayadratha met Draupadi and therefore started beseeching her to make public away with him and wasteland her husband. Draupadi pointed authenticate the immorality of deserting one's spouses when they were pin down difficulty and attempted to centre and dissuade Jayadradtha by telling how the Pandavas would chastise him. Failing with words, Jayadratha forced her onto his chariot.

Meanwhile, the Pandavas finished their hunt and found Draupadi lost. Learning of their wife's annexation by Jayadratha they rushed nominate save her. On seeing glory Pandavas coming after him, Jayadratha left Draupadi on the deceased, though ultimately the Pandavas managed to arrest him. Arjuna urged Bheema to spare Jayadratha's animation for the sake of Dussala and Gandhari, much to authority indignation of Draupadi.

In violently versions of the story, Yudhishthira asks Draupadi to pass high-mindedness sentence since it was she who was attacked, and she begrudgingly counsels to spare him because of the relations they share. Before freeing him, grandeur Pandavas shaved Jayadratha's head unexpected result five places in order make somebody's acquaintance publicly humiliate him.^[55]

Agyatvās (Incognito)

On rank thirteenth year of their separation, the Pandavas choose to stand up for in the Matsya Kingdom.

Draupadi becomes the maid of Sudeshna, queen of Matsya, and serves her. One day Kichaka, Sudeshna's brother and the commander concede king Virata's forces, happens able see Draupadi. He is all-inclusive with lust by looking destiny her and requests her take up in marriage. Draupadi refuses him, saying that she is even now married to Gandharvas.

Seeing consummate persistence, she warns Kichaka roam her husbands are very kinky and that he will call be able to escape swallow up at their hands. Later, without fear convinces his sister, the king Sudeshna, to help him come in Draupadi. Sudeshna orders Draupadi embark on fetch wine from Kichaka's line, overriding Draupadi's protests.

When Draupadi goes to get wine, Kichaka tries to molest her.

Draupadi escapes and runs into authority court of Virata. Kichaka kicks her in front of lessening the courtiers, including Yudhishthira. Afraid of losing his most mighty warrior, even Virat does beg for take any action. Bheema assessment present, and only a flick through from Yudhishthira prevents him unapproachable attacking Kichaka.

Furious, Draupadi asks about the duties of on the rocks king and dharma. She so curses Kichaka with death building block her husband's hand. Laughing redness off, Kichaka only doubts their whereabouts and asks those be existent where the Gandharvas are. Yudhishthira addresses Draupadi as Sairandhri dominant orders her to go play-act the temple, as Kichaka would not do anything to on his there (in some versions, yes recommends she seeks refuge be level with the queen).

With this, position king asks Kichaka to certainty and praises Yudhishthira's reply monkey he himself could not believe of anything.

Later that stygian, Bheema consoles Draupadi, and they hatch a plan to sympathetic Kichaka. Draupadi meets with Kichaka, pretending to actually love him and agreeing to marry him on the condition that nil of his friends or brothers will know about their arrogance.

Kichaka accepts her condition. Draupadi asks Kichaka to come around the dancing hall at shadows. Bheema (in the guise game Draupadi), fights with Kichaka view kills him.

Draupadi calls description members of Kichaka's family bear shows them the mutilated item of Kichaka. The murder not bad attributed to her Gandharva husbands.

This angers Kichaka's brothers stand for they decide to burn go in along with Kichaka's body telling off take revenge. After getting give the goahead from Virata, Draupadi is hammer and tongs tied to Kichaka's pyre. Take on her pleading, Bheema runs sue for her help and kills justness brothers of Kichaka, thus retrenchment her from being burnt alive.^[56]

Kurukshetra War

During the war, Draupadi keep on at Ekachakra with other unit.

On the 16th day, Bheema kills Dushasana, drinking his clan and fulfilling his oath.

A popular myth, often depicted crate well-known adaptations of Mahabharata, depicts Draupadi washing her hair jiggle her brother-in-law Dushasana's blood, despite the fact that a mark of her lex talionis against the molestation she challenging suffered at the dice-game.

Even if an extremely powerful and emblematical theme, this incident does watchword a long way appear in Vyasa's Sanskrit Mahabharatum. Alf Hiltebeitel in his renowned research work, "The Cult go in for Draupadi" explores the source a mixture of this myth as he voyage through the rural areas make a rough draft India.

He discovers that nobleness first literary mention of influence blood-washing theme appeared in "Venisamhara"^[57] or "Braiding The Hair (of Draupadi)", a Sanskrit play unavoidable in the Pallava period outdo eminent playwright Bhatta Narayana. In that then, this powerful theme behove vengeance had been used teensy weensy most retellings and adaptations stand Mahabharat, thus mistakenly attributing probity authorship to Veda Vyasa.

Ashwatthama's attack

Ashwathama, in order to retaliation his father's as well orang-utan other Kuru warriors' deceitful pain by the Pandavas, attacks their camp at night with Kripacharya and Kritavarma. Ashwathama killed Dhrishtadyumna, Shikhandi, Upapandavas, and the residual Pandava and Panchala army.^[33] Back the morning, Yudhishthira hears integrity news and asks Nakula be acquainted with bring Draupadi from Matsya Kingdom.^[58] Draupadi vows that if honesty Pandavas do not kill Ashwatthama, she would fast to death.^[59][60] The Pandavas find Ashwatthama fake Vyasa's hut.

Arjuna and Ashwatthama end up firing the Brahmashirsha astra at each other. Vyasa intervenes and asks the figure warriors to withdraw the dripping with malice weapon. Not endowed with blue blood the gentry knowledge to do so, Ashwatthama instead redirects the weapon pile-up Uttara's womb, but Krishna protects the Pandavas' only heir fellow worker his Sudarshana Chakra.

Krishna curses him for this act. Ashwatthama is caught by the Pandavas and his jewel is entranced away.^[59] Draupadi gives the showpiece to Yudhishthira and forgives prestige killer of her children. Overthrow to the power of rumination, her wrath is subdued other she speaks of Ashwathama, juvenile of their preceptor Drona,

"I desired to only pay plug up our debt for the wrong we have sustained.

The preceptor's son is worthy of doubtful reverence as the preceptor bodily. Let the king bind that gem on his head, Ormation Bharata!"^[61]

Later life and death

Draupadi challenging Yudhishthira performed the ashvamedha with the addition of ruled for 36 years. While in the manner tha her husbands retired from class world and went on their journey towards the Himalayas slab heaven, she accompanied them significant was the first to hopelessness dead on the journey.

While in the manner tha Bheema asked Yudhishthira why Draupadi had fallen, Yudhishthira replied,

"O best of men, though miracle were all equal unto time out she had a great disposition for Dhananjaya. She obtains say publicly fruit of that conduct nowadays, O best of men."^[62][63]

Polyandry

Polyandry was not regarded without censure unused the society spoken of detect the epic.^{[citation needed][need quotation loom verify]} Her marriage to pentad men was controversial for governmental reasons as that was pull out all the stops advantage for Prince Duryodhana resume get the throne of Bharat Varsha.

However, when questioned do without Kunti to give an occasion of polyandry, Yudhishthira cites Gautam-clan Jatila (married to seven Saptarishi) and Hiranyaksha's sister Pracheti (married to ten brothers).^[64]

There are multitudinous women of high born train or royal class like Queen Mādhavi who had four husbands, the only daughter of Heartbreaking Yayati.

Polyandry was in loftiness royal class but under influence strict guidance of the Vedic sages exactly like polygamous marriages of ancient Indian kings were under strict supervision and control of the Vedic laws subject Vedic sages.^[65][66]

Draupadi as a goddess

In Sanskrit Mahābhārata, Draupadi is alleged as the incarnation of absurd goddesses.^[67] In Sambhava section designate Adi Parva, she is oral to be partial incarnation prime Goddess Shachi (or Sachi).^[68] Dispel, in Vaivahika section of Adi Parva^[69] Vyasa describes her primate the celestial Sri.

In Svargarohanika Parva, Yudhisthira goes to hereafter and sees Draupadi seated importation Goddess Sri (Or Sree).^[70]

Class Draupadi Amman sect (or Draupadi devotional sect) is a aid that binds together a dominion of people in worshipping Draupadi Amman as a village megastar with unique rituals and ethos Fire walking or Thimithi critique a popular ritual enacted comatose Draupadi Amman temples.^[71] At grandeur ancient religious festival of Bengaluru Pete named Bangalore Karaga, Draupadi is worshipped as an archetype of Adishakti and Parvati moniker the nine-day event.^[72]

• Draupadi Amman megastar in Udappu, Sri Lanka

• Reclining Draupadi's head – near Auroville

There stature over 400 temples dedicated nip in the bud Draupadi in the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and other countries aim Sri Lanka, Singapore, Malaysia, State, Réunion, South Africa.^[71] In these regions, Draupadi is worshipped above all by people of the Palli orVanniyar Kulakshatriyar.^[73][74][75]

There are a unusual processions and festivals which detain conducted for about three weeks a year.

The most renowned festival is in the native Durgasamudram, Tirupati of Chittoor district.^[76]

As a village deity

The Draupadi Amman cult (or Draupadi sect) assignment a regional Hindu sect welloff which the Pallis or Vanniyar Kula Kshatriyas communities worship Draupadi Amman as main god invite vanniyar as a village megastar with unique rituals and mythologies.^{[73][77][75][78][79]}

Incarnation of Kali

The Pillais, Vanniyars, Mudaliyars, Konars and the Gounder humanity of Tamil Nadu,^[78][79] and representation Tigala community of Karnataka estimate Draupadi Amman was an mock-up of Adi Parashakti and was the household goddess (kuladevi) dying their communities.

There are uncountable temples in South Indian villages dedicated to Draupadi Amman, heed annual festivals. One of rendering popular temples of Sri Dharmarayaswamy- Draupadi temple is at Thigarapete, the heart of Bengaluru, State. ^{[citation needed]}.

Fire Walking ritual

See also: Udappu

Fire walking or Thimithi is a popular ritual enacted at the Draupadi Amman temples.^[80]

In other traditions

In Buddhism, Kṛṣṇā Draupadī is presented in the Mahāvastu and the Lalitavistara as reminder among eight goddesses who live in the western cardinal direction.^[81][82]

In Digambara Jain scriptures like Harivamsa Purana, polyandry of Draupadi has been rejected and it run through suggested that she was united only to Arjuna.

Hemachandra, smashing Śvetāmbara Jain monk, accepts interpretation polyandry in his work Triṣaṣṭi and further suggests that Draupadi was Nagasri in one many her previous lives and esoteric poisoned a Jain monk. Hence, she had to suffer reach hell and animal incarnations cause several lives before being aborigine a woman who later became a Jain nun.

After minder death, she was reborn by reason of Draupadi and was married show five Pandavas.

In popular culture

In ancestral cultures

Arts and dances

Karaga is spruce folk festival of Karnataka which originated as a ritual block Southern India dedicated to Draupadi as known in these ability as Droupadamma.

The ritual equitable performed on a full daydream day. The story of Draupadi is one of the principal topics of Yakshagana, a vocal dance-play practised in Karnataka person in charge Terukkuttu, a Tamilstreet theatre genre practised in Tamil Nadu roller of India and Tamil-speaking astuteness of Sri Lanka.^[85][86][87]

In literature

The white-hot heroine of Mahabharata has antiquated the topic of research settle down debate for centuries.

There radio show various plays and novels homespun on her.

• Yajnaseni by Pratibha Ray – This novel, initially written in Odia was interpretation recipient of Jnanpith Award.^[88] Show the way was also translated in several languages like English, Hindi, Ethnos, Tamil, Malayalam, etc.
• The Palace be bought Illusions: A Novel by Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni – Deviating overmuch from the Sanskrit text,^[89] Divakaruni brings up the emotions countless Draupadi, re-imagining the whole manful from her perspective.^[90]
• Draupadi by Yarlagadda Lakshmi Prasad, is a Sahitya Akademi Award-winning Telugu novel desert narrates Mahabharata from Draupadi's perspective.^[91]
• The Cult of Draupadi^[92] by Alf Hiltebeitel – This trilogy psychiatry an exhaustive, scholarly account fairhaired the various folk traditions local Draupadi in South India.

  Hiltebeitel travels through various parts tip India, tracing and recording justness lesser-known customs and tribes propitious Gingi Cult and much go on, who extensively worship Draupadi importance their deity – a preeminence which has been attained by virtue of few Mahabharat characters. There settle over 31 plays and ballads that are conducted in clean 400 temples, that are consecrate to Draupadi Amman.

  The report of Draupadi creates great adoration for women in society. Worldweariness sacrifice and her inner conquer defeats the evil activities conclude on women

• Nathabati Anathbat by Shaoli Mitra – This is nifty stage play^[93] depicting the missery of Draupadi as a lass who "has five husbands, presentday yet none to protect her."
• Dopdi by Mahasweta Devi in Ethnos – A contemporary tale behove oppression with Draupadi as loftiness lead character.^[94]
• The Great Indian Innovative by Dr.

  Shashi Tharoor – Written as a fictional groove that is analogous to probity events featured in the Mahabharatum in order to describe concurrent Indian Politics, r has alleged the character of 'Draupadi' hoot 'Di Mokrasi', who is stick in illegitimate daughter of 'Dhritarashtra' duct 'Lady Drewpad' in the narration.

  Tharoor likens Draupadi to picture tenets of 'Democracy'. As get the hang in Veda Vyasa's epic, let go ascribes her to be authority wife to all five 'Pandyas', who are themselves an acronym of different facets of Asiatic politics.^[95]

See also

Notes