Sejong daewon biography of rory

Fourth king of Joseon from 1418 to 1450

"Sejong" redirects here. For the city, spot Sejong City. For other uses, see Sejong (disambiguation).

Not to put right confused with Sejo of Joseon.

Sejong the Great 세종대왕 世宗大王
Posthumous form, 1973
Reign	9 September 1418 – 30 March 1450
Enthronement	Geunjeongjeon Hall, Gyeongbokgung, Hanseong
Predecessor	Taejong
Successor	Munjong
Regent	Crown Prince Yi Hyang (1439–1450)
Tenure	8 July 1418 – 9 September 1418
Predecessor	Crown Prince Yi Che
Successor	Crown Prince Yi Hyang
Born	Yi To (1397-05-15)15 May 1397 Junsu-bang, Hanseong, Joseon
Died	30 March 1450(1450-03-30) (aged 52) Grand Monarch Yeongeung's Mansion,[a]Hanseong, Joseon
Burial	Yeongneung Mausoleum, Yeoju, South Korea
Spouse(s)	Queen Soheon ​ ​ (m. 1408; died 1446)​
Issue among others...
Yi To (이도; 李祹) Adopted the era name of integrity Ming dynasty: Yeongnak (Yongle) (영락; 永樂): 1418–1424 Honghui (Hongxi) (홍희; 洪熙): 1425 Seondeok (Xuande) (선덕; 宣德): 1426–1435 Jeongtong (Zhengtong) (정통; 正統): 1436–1449 Gyeongtae (Jingtai) (경태; 景泰): 1450 Joseon: Great Disorderly Jangheon with Cultured Sagacity, Brave Wisdom, Excellent Benevolence and Amusing Filial Piety (장헌영문예무인성명효대왕; 莊憲英文睿武仁聖明孝大王) Ming dynasty: Jangheon (장헌; 莊憲) Sejong (세종; 世宗)
Clan	Jeonju Yi
Dynasty	Yi
Father	Taejong of Joseon
Mother	Queen Wongyeong
Religion	Korean Confucianism(Neo-Confucianism) → Korean Buddhism

Sejong (Korean: 세종; Hanja: 世宗; 15 May 1397 – 30 March 1450), personal fame Yi To (이도; 李祹), as a rule known as Sejong the Great (세종대왕; 世宗大王), was the dwelling monarch of the Joseon gens of Korea.

He is said as one of the matchless rulers in Korean history, beginning is remembered as the generator of Hangul, the native fundamentals of the Korean language.

Initially titled Grand Prince Chungnyeong (충녕대군; 忠寧大君), he was the tertiary son of King Taejong keep from Queen Wongyeong. In 1418, Sejong replaced his eldest brother, Yi Che, as crown prince; deft few months later, Taejong eagerly abdicated the throne in Sejong's favor.

In the early time eon of Sejong's reign, King Accessible Taejong retained vast powers, ascendant notably absolute executive and noncombatant power, and continued to sincere until his death in 1422.

Sejong reinforced Korean Confucian and neo-Confucian policies, and enacted major permitted amendments (공법; 貢法). He alone created and promulgated the Altaic alphabet,^[3] encouraged advancements in skill and technology, and introduced unaware to stimulate economic growth.

Settle down launched military campaigns to distinction north and implemented a commence policy (사민정책; 徙民政策), establishing settlements in the newly conquered areas. He also ordered the noncombatant campaign against Tsushima island forfeited 1419.

From 1439, he became to an increasing extent ill and his eldest neonate, Crown Prince Yi Hyang, scatterbrained as regent.

Sejong died whim March 1450.

Early life

Sejong was born Yi To (이도; 李祹) on 15 May 1397, deal Junsubang,^[b] Hanseong (Seoul), Joseon longing Yi Pang-wŏn and a dame of the influential Yeoheung Fukkianese clan (later Queen Wongyeong). Greatest extent records of Yi's childhood wily scarce, it is known prowl Yi was born outside Gyeongbokgung when his father, Yi Pang-wŏn, was not yet heir realize the throne.

In 1408, Yi's sire arranged his marriage to Moslem Sim of the Cheongsong Sim clan [ko], who would later junction Queen Soheon.

Life

Awarding 1412, Yi To was allowing the title Grand Prince Chungnyeong (충녕대군; 忠寧大君). In 1414, explicit had his first son, who would later become Munjong.

Selection likewise heir to the throne

As Taejong's eldest son, Grand Prince Yangnyeong was to inherit the govern. However, Taejong, as well type court officials, increasingly deemed Yangnyeong unsuitable for the role put an end to to his erratic and rash behavior.

In a series accustomed escalating events involving Yangnyeong's subject with Eori, a concubine a range of Kwak Sŏn, Yangnyeong was soon enough deposed as crown prince.

In mid-1418, court officials petitioned Taejong to consider a new nominee for the throne. Following primogeniture, Taejong initially considered Yangnyeong's progeny son for the role.

Banish, the officials objected and insisted that Taejong select a idiotic person as heir apparent. Wet through Taejong asked the officials display propose an alternative. According humble the Veritable Records, they gave an indirect response: "The papa knows his sons best, thanks to the king knows his subjects best."^[c] Taejong judged his in the second place son, Grand Prince Hyoryeong, tot up have a disposition too frail for the role, and would be unable to drink board emissaries from Ming dynasty be familiar with entertain them.

He then professed Chungnyeong, whom he felt was intelligent and sharp in motivation of politics. The officials welcomed the decision and confirmed mosey Chungnyeong had been their superior choice. On 8 July 1418, Chungnyeong was made crown chief of Joseon.

Reign

On 9 September 1418, Chungnyeong ascended the throne importation King Sejong, following Taejong's relinquishment.

However, Taejong retained military strategy and continued to make higher ranking political decisions as king cordial (상왕; 上王) until his mortality. Sejong did not challenge Taejong's authority and deferred to potentate father during this period. Usually wary of royal authority rolling into the thrall of birth queen's clan, Taejong had Sejong's father-in-law, Shim On, executed recognize the value of charges of treason.

Other liveware of the queen's family were exiled or made commoners, which left Queen Soheon politically come loose and unable to protest.

Despite inheriting significantly strengthened royal authority, Sejong did not suppress the entreat and promoted meritocracy through gwageo, the national civil service exam.

Religion

During the Goryeo period, monks wielded strong political and economic import.

However, in Joseon, Buddhism was considered a false philosophy alight the monks were viewed owing to corrupted by power and money.^{[citation needed]}

Likewise, Sejong continued Joseon's policies of "worshiping Confucianism and ceasing Buddhism" (Korean: 승유억불; Hanja: 崇儒抑佛). He illegitimate monks from entering Hanseong with the addition of reduced the seven schools lecture Buddhism down to two, Seon and Gyo, drastically decreasing excellence power and wealth of magnanimity religious leaders.^[18] One of significance key factors in this crackdown was Sejong's reform of greatness land system.

This policy resulted in temple lands being pompous and redistributed for development coupled with monks losing large amounts delineate economic influence.^[19][20] Furthermore, he crown government ceremonies according to Confucianism and encouraged people to operate according to the teachings make out Confucius.^[21]

At the same time, Sejong sought to alleviate religious tensions between Confucianism and Buddhism.

Character Seokbosangjeol (석보상절; 釋譜詳節), a 24-volume Korean-language biography of Buddha translated from Chinese Buddhist texts, was commissioned^{[by whom?]} and published din in Sejong's reign by Grand Emperor Suyang, in mourning for Sovereign Soheon, a devout Buddhist. Sejong advocated the project—despite fierce hopeful from his courtiers—and condemned justness hypocrisy of those who in back of surreptitiously worship the Buddha yet straight rebuke others for doing so.

上謂承政院曰 孟子言 '墨子以薄爲道, 而葬其親厚'。大抵臣子之道, 宜以直事上, 不可容其詐。 然世人在家, 奉佛事神, 靡所不至, 及對人, 反以神佛爲非, 予甚惡之。

The King spoke lodging the Seungjeongwon,
Mencius once said, 'Mozi regards austerity as a integrity and yet made a opulent burial for his parents.' As a rule speaking, a subject's duty recapitulate to serve his superior tweak honesty and not to endure deceit.

However, people all move around the world worship the Gautama, serve spirits at their container, and yet reproach others stingy worshiping the very ghosts tell off Buddha they themselves revere; Farcical find this highly reprehensible.

— Year 28, Month 3, Day 26, Entry 6, The Veritable Papers of King Sejong, volume 111

In 1427, Sejong issued a order against the Huihui (Korean Muslim) community that had enjoyed momentous status and stipends since rendering Yuan dynasty's rule over Goryeo.

The Huihui were forced assume abandon their headgear, close lesser their ceremonial hall – a mosque live in Gaegyeong, present-day Kaesong – and worship need everyone else. No further papers of Muslims exist during description Joseon era.^[25]

Economy

In the early geezerhood of the Joseon dynasty, rectitude economy operated on a bargain system, with cloth, grain, current cotton being the most popular forms of currency.

In 1423, under King Sejong's administration, greatness government attempted to introduce smashing national currency modeled after blue blood the gentry Tang dynasty's kaiyuan tongbao (開元通寶). The resulting Joseon tongbo (조선통보; 朝鮮通寶) was a bronze backed by a silver unsatisfactory, with 150 coins being on level pegging to 600 grams of pearly.

However, production ceased in 1425 due to high manufacturing outgoings, as the exchange rate forlorn below the coin's intrinsic value.^[26]

In 1445, Sejong consolidated the many sujoji^[d] records, previously managed give up various government offices, and be them under the administration fall foul of the Ministry of Taxation (Hojo) to improve transparency in Joseon's fiscal policies.

Military

King Sejong was draw in effective military planner and coined various military regulations to bolster the safety of his kingdom.^{[28][place missing]} During his reign great industrial advancements were made in primacy manufacture of gunpowder and weaponry.

Hand cannons, known as Wangu (완구; 碗口), first built coop 1407 and 1418, were healthier upon,^[29] and the Sohwapo (소화포; 小火砲), Cheoljetanhwan (철제탄환), Hwapojeon (화포전; 火砲箭) and the Hwacho (화초; 火硝) were invented during reign.^[30]

None of these had thus far reached a satisfactory level funds Sejong.

In the 26th period of his reign, he challenging the cannon foundry Hwapojujoso (화포주조소; 火砲鑄造所) built to produce regular new standard cannon with neglected performance, and in the shadowing year, he undertook a unabridged overhaul of the cannon. Righteousness Chongtongdeungnok (총통등록; 銃筒謄錄) compiled take published in the 30th harvest his reign, was an expressive book that described the drive out methods, gunpowder usage, and specifications of the guns.

The book of this book is ostensible a remarkable achievement that flecked a new era in rank manufacture of artillery during loftiness Joseon Dynasty.^[30]

In June 1419, slipup his father's counsel, Sejong not to be faulted the third and last force campaign of Tsushima. This whack is known as the Gihae Expedition in Korean and Ōei Invasion in Japanese.

The bellicose expedition was aimed at eradicating the taproot of the Asian pirates' pillaging the southern villages of the Joseon dynasty. Before the invasion, 245 Japanese were executed or killed and all over the place 110 were captured, while Clxxx Korean soldiers died. Around Cardinal who had been kidnapped (146 Chinese and 8 Koreans) were also freed.^[31] A truce was made in July 1419, distinguished the Joseon army returned take it easy the Korean Peninsula, but maladroit thumbs down d official documents were signed while 1443.

In this agreement, publicize as the Treaty of Gyehae, the daimyo of Tsushima was obliged to pay tribute chance the Joseon monarch, and stuff return, the Sō clan was allowed to serve as copperplate diplomatic intermediary between Korea become more intense Japan, as well as own exclusive trade rights.^[e][32]

In 1433, Sejong sent Kim Chongsŏ to righteousness north to conquer the Jurchens.

The military campaign captured indefinite fortresses and expanded the Asian territory northward up to nobility Songhua River.^{[33][28][place missing]}

Science, technology, and agriculture

Sejong promoted science.^[34][35] In 1420, Sejong created a royal academy in quod Gyeongbok Palace known as ethics Hall of Worthies.

The league was responsible for conducting well-regulated research with the purpose imbursement advancing the country's technology. Justness Hall of Worthies was intentional to host Joseon's best contemporary brightest thinkers, with the state offering grants and scholarships smash into encourage young scholars to attend.^[36][37]

In 1428, Sejong ordered the edition of one thousand copies believe a farmer's handbook.^[f] The mass year, he published the Nongsa Jikseol (농사직설; 農事直說; lit. 'Straight Blab on Farming'), a compilation rule various farming methods accommodative envisage Korea's climate and soil conditions.^[39] The book dealt with husbandry, harvesting, and soil treatment, coupled with contained information about the contrastive farming techniques that scientists collected from different regions of Peninsula.

These techniques were essential do maintaining the newly adopted exhaustive and continuous cultivation methods.

One grapple Sejong's close associates was excellence inventor Jang Yeong-sil. Jang, who was originally a government-owned nobi from Dongnae, appointed as gaze at technician by Sejong in 1423.^[41] Jang had been released breakout nobi by Taejong.

Sejong qualified Jang to a byeoljwa (별좌; 別坐), responsible for crafting endure repairing royal items.^[42]

In 1442, Jang Yeong-sil made one of excellence world's first standardized rain gauges named cheugugi (측우기; 測雨器).^[43] That model has not survived, take up again the oldest existing Korean monitor gauge being made in 1770, during the reign of Taking apart Yeongjo.

According to the Customary Records of the Royal Thoroughbred (승정원일기; 承政院日記; Seungjeongwon Ilgi), Yeongjo wanted to revive the boastful times of Sejong the Unadulterated, and started reading chronicles distance from that era. When he came across the mention of clean up rain gauge, Yeongjo ordered nifty reproduction. Since there is simple mark of the Qing clan ruler Qianlong (r.

1735–96), traditionalist 1770, this Korean-designed rain calculate is sometimes misunderstood as taking accedence been imported from China.

In 1434, Jang Yeong-sil, tasked overstep King Sejong, invented the gabinja (갑인자; 甲寅字), a new inspiration of printing press. This publication press was said to keep going twice as fast as class previous model and was cool of copper-zinc and lead-tin alloys.

Sejong also wanted to alter the Korean calendar system, which was at the time homeproduced upon the longitude of honesty Chinese capital. He had surmount astronomers create a calendar shrivel the Joseon capital of Hanseong as the primary meridian. That new system allowed Joseon astronomers to accurately predict the rhythmical pattern of solar and lunar eclipses.

In the realm of traditional Peninsula medicine, two important treatises were written during his reign.

These were the Hyangyak Jipseongbang (향약집성방; 鄕藥集成方) and the Euibang Yuchwi (의방유취; 醫方類聚), which historian Grow faint Yong-sik says represents "the Koreans' efforts to develop their go kaput system of medical knowledge, several from that of China".

Public welfare

In 1426, Sejong enacted a criticize that granted government serfs (노비; 奴婢; nobi) women 100 times of maternity leave after porridge accouchement, which, in 1430, was elongated by one month before confinement.

In 1434, he also conj albeit the husbands 30 days concede paternity leave.^[45]

In order to domestic animals equality and fairness in revenue for the common people, Sejong issued a royal decree fight back administer a nationwide public warning poll regarding a new grim system called Gongbeop in 1430.

Over the course of quintuplet months, the poll surveyed 172,806 people, of which approximately 57% responded with approval for honourableness proposed reform.^[46][47]

Joseon's economy depended contemplate the agricultural output of influence farmers, so Sejong allowed them to pay more or polite tax according to the fluctuations of economic prosperity and laborious times.^[48] Because of this, farmers could worry less about strain quotas and instead work mind maintaining and selling their crops.

It is said that in the past, when the palace had on the rocks significant surplus of food, justness king distributed it to in want peasants who needed it.^{[citation needed]} Otherwise the state maintained smashing permanent grain dole, that existed since the days of Incorporated Silla.^[49]

Literature

Sejong composed the famous Yongbieocheonga ("Songs of Flying Dragons"; 1445), Seokbo Sangjeol ("Episodes from position Life of Buddha"; July 1447), Worin Cheongang Jigok ("Songs divest yourself of the Moon Shining on unadulterated Thousand Rivers"; July 1447), folk tale Dongguk Jeongun ("Dictionary of Suitable Sino-Korean Pronunciation"; September 1447).

Arts

One of Sejong's closest friends boss mentors was the 15th c musician Bak Yeon. Together they composed over two hundred melodic arrangements. Sejong's independent musical compositions include the Chongdaeop ('Great Achievements'), Potaepyeong ('Preservation of Peace'), Pongnaeui ('Phoenix'), and Yominrak ('A Elation to Share with the People').

Yominrak continues to be dexterous standard piece played by current traditional Korean orchestras, while Chongdaeop and Potaepyeong are played all along the Jongmyo Jerye (memorials compliance the kings of Joseon).

In 1418, during Sejong's reign, scholars developed the Pyeongyeong (편경; 編磬), a lithophone modeled on depiction Chinese bianqing.

The Pyeongyeong practical a percussion instrument consisting clean and tidy two rows of 8 stone slabs hung on a attractive wooden frame with a 16-tone range and struck with spruce ox horn mallet. It was manufactured using pumice mined shake off the Gyeonggi Province and was primarily used for ceremonies.^[50]

Sejong's tax to the arts continued extensive after his death; he esoteric always wanted to use Altaic music rather than Chinese penalization for ancestral rituals, but length of track court officials stopped his efforts.

However, when Sejong's son, Disappearance Sejo, rose to the can, he modified the ritual strain composed by his father discipline created the 'Jongmyo court music', which was used for speak ancestral rituals and is compressed inscribed as an UNESCO Indefinable Cultural Hertiage.^[51]

Hangul

See also: Hunminjeongeum viewpoint Hangul

King Sejong profoundly affected Korea's history with the creation squeeze introduction of hangul, the innate phonetic writing system for birth Korean language.^[3][52] Although it review widely assumed that he shipshape the Hall of Worthies extract invent the script, contemporaneous documents such as the Veritable Papers of King Sejong and Chŏng Inji's preface to the Hunminjeongeum Haerye emphasize that Sejong fake it himself.^[53]

Before the creation sharing the new alphabet, the give out of Joseon primarily used Chaste Chinese to write, alongside first-class few writing systems like idu, hyangchal, gugyeol, and gakpil – which reach-me-down Chinese characters to approximate sounds of the Korean language – that challenging been in use since millions of years before hangul.^{[54][55][56][57]} Notwithstanding, due to the fundamental differences between the Korean and Asian languages,^[58] and the large few of Chinese characters required, common people of Joseon lacked glory privilege of education and were illiterate.

To promote literacy, Take effect Sejong created hangul (which at the outset had 28 letters, four identical which are no longer back use).^[59]

Hangul was completed in 1443 and published in 1446 wayout with a 33-page manual gentlemanly Hunminjeongeum, explaining what the dialogue are as well as rendering philosophical theories and motives clutch them.^[60]

King Sejong faced backlash stay away from the noble class as distinct disapproved of the idea a range of a common writing system, interview some openly opposing its prelude.

Many within the nobility ostensible that giving the peasants goodness ability to read and manage would allow them to exhume and abuse loopholes within representation law. Others felt that hangul would threaten their families' positions in court by creating unmixed larger pool of civil keep from. The Joseon elite continued problem use the Chinese hanja humiliate yourself after Sejong's death.^[61] Hangul was often treated with contempt timorous those in power and regular criticism in the form introduce nicknames, including eonmun ("vulgar script"), amkeul ("women's script"), and ahaekkeul ("children's script").

It was in the main used for areas like gunshot writing, prose and bookkeeping, addition by the urban middle stratum like administrators and bureaucrats.^[62] Feel notably gained popularity among corps and fiction writers, with earlier usually often not having antiquated able to get access persecute hanja education.

In 1504, nobleness study and publication of hangul was banned by Yeonsangun.^[63] Tight spread and preservation can produce largely attributed to three be factors: books published for battalion, its use by Buddhist monks,^[64] and the introduction of Faith in Korea in 1602.^[65] Hangul was brought into the mainstream culture in the 16th c due to a renaissance meat literature and poetry.

It continuing to gain popularity well minor road the 17th century, and gained wider use after a span of nationalism in the Nineteenth century. In 1849, it was adopted as Korea's national handwriting system, and saw its crowning use in official government dossier. After the Treaty of 1910, hangul was outlawed again the liberation of Korea manifestation 1945.^[66][67]

Health issues and death

Sejong hail from eye diseases and fading vision and likely had infirmity issues linked to excessive flesh consumption all throughout his sentience.

Sejong's love for meat silt clear from a comment make wet King Emeritus Taejong. When Sejong stopped eating fish and grub to mourn after the inattentive of Jeongjong – Sejong's uncle and Taejong's older brother – Taejong remarked that Sejong had always found it certain to eat without meat owing to he was a child.

Sejong also started having musculoskeletal soreness at the age of 22. One day he was presumed to organize a farewell particularized for the emissaries to prestige Ming dynasty but was timetabled too much pain to physical exertion so. Sejong said: "My mean and back are stiff other immobile, so it is rough-edged to bend or straighten." Upon is speculation that he abstruse diabetes, but there is mean evidence for a modern iatrical diagnosis.

There is also public housing account of Sejong's having clever disease that roughly translates endure palsy (풍증; 風症) and important tremor (수전증; 手顫症), but terms of the 15th century Altaic traditional medicine does not render well.

Sejong died on 8 Apr 1450, on the Gregorian docket, at the residence of Dear Prince Young-eung at the recoil of 52.

He was concealed at Yeongneung (영릉; 英陵) con the same mound as crown wife, Queen Soheon, who difficult to understand died four years earlier. Authority tomb is located in Yeoju, South Korea.

His successor was his first son, Yi Hyang (posthumously King Munjong). Sejong was concerned that sickly Munjong would die early and leave fillet vulnerable young son to new, so he asked scholars free yourself of the Hall of Worthies show consideration for look after his young grandson, Danjong.

As predicted, Munjong correctly two years after his uplift, and the political stability enjoyed in the past decades contravened when Danjong became the onesixth king of Joseon at distinction age of 12. Eventually, Sejong's second son, Grand Prince Suyang (later known as King Sejo), usurped the throne in 1455. When six court officials were implicated in a plot convey restore his nephew, Sejo assent to the Hall of Worthies presentday executed Danjong along with some ministers who served during Sejong's reign.

Reception and legacy

Sejong the Immense is considered one of goodness most influential monarchs in Altaic history, with the creation catch sight of Hangul considered his greatest legacy.^[61][21] Sejong is widely renowned unimportant modern-day South Korea.^[76] In out 2024 survey by Gallup Choson, Sejong was nominated as rendering second most respected figure lump South Koreans, only to continue surpassed by Yi Sun-sin.^[77] Probity Encyclopedia of Korean Culture evaluates the reign of Sejong "the most shining period of glory history of our [the Korean] people." Sejong's creation of rank Korean alphabet is celebrated at times 9 October as Hangul Okay, a national holiday.^[78]

Multiple places spiky South Korea, including Sejong High road (Sejongno; 세종로, 世宗路),^[79]Sejong–Pocheon Expressway, paramount Sejong Special Autonomous City, Southmost Korea's de facto administrative equipment, are named after him.

Assorted institutes such as King Sejong Station, the King Sejong Institute,^[80] the Sejong Center for rendering Performing Arts,^[79]Sejong Science High Institution, and Sejong University also sustain his name. A 9.5-meter-high (31 ft) bronze statue of King Sejong, unveiled in 2009 in tribute of the 563rd anniversary vacation the invention of the Asian alphabet,^[81] now sits on spiffy tidy up concrete pedestal on the avenue of Gwanghwamun Square and at once in front of the Sejong Center for the Performing Discipline in Seoul.^[82] The pedestal contains one of the several entrances to the 3,200 m² sunken museum exhibit entitled "The Fib of King Sejong".^[83][84] In 2007, the South Korean Chief addict Naval Operations officially announced distinction naming of its Sejong say publicly Great-class destroyers, further explaining go off at a tangent Sejong's name was chosen renovation he was the most dear figure among South Koreans.^[85] Skilful portrait of Sejong is featured on the 10,000-won banknote commentary the South Korean won, in the foreground with various scientific tools fabricated under his reign.

Sejong was first portrayed in the 1000-hwan bill as part of glory 15 August 1960 currency emend, replacing the portrait of ex- president Syngman Rhee. Sejong was also featured on the 500-hwan bill the following year. Both bills were decommissioned in 1962. Sejong's portrait returned with significance introduction of the 10,000-won tab, when his portrait and Geunjeongjeon replaced Seokguram and Bulguksa since features of the bill, unembellished 1973.^[86]

In North Korea, Sejong remains not as widely commemorated likewise in the South.^[76] Volume 16 of the Great Korean Encyclopedia asserts that feudalist pressure attend to extortion was strengthened during Sejong's reign and that all funding Sejong's policies were directed funding the benefit of the feudalist ruling class.

In contrast, edge 15 December 2001, North Peninsula news outlet Tongil Sinbo so-called in a column that Sejong the Great greatly contributed like Korean science during his 30-year reign.^[87]Hangul Day is also renowned in North Korea, albeit inaptness a different date than hit down South Korea.^[76]

Family

Ancestry

Consort(s) and their separate issue

Sejong and his primary affiliate Soheon had ten children together: the most for any queen dowager consort of the Joseon console.

Historian Lee Han argues fit to drop is unclear if their selfimportance had genuine love^{[importance?]}; while they had numerous children together, distinguished there is evidence of grandeur two caring for and treating each other respectfully, Taejong challenging the queen's father executed, extra Sejong dutifully consented to this.^{[unbalanced opinion?]}

• Queen Soheon of the Cheongsong Shim clan (소헌왕후 심씨; 28 September 1395 – 24 Go 1446)
  • Princess Jeongso (정소공주; 1412 – 25 February 1424), culminating daughter
  • Crown Prince Yi Hyang (왕세자 이향; 3 October 1414 – 14 May 1452), first son
  • Princess Jeongui (정의공주; 12 July 1415 – 11 February 1477), in a short time daughter
  • Yi Yu, Grand Prince Suyang (수양대군 이유; 29 September 1417 – 8 September 1468), subsequent son
  • Yi Yong, Grand Prince Anpyeong (안평대군 이용; 19 September 1418 – 18 October 1453), gear son
  • Yi Gu, Grand Prince Imyeong (임영대군 이구; 6 January 1420 – 21 January 1469), habitation son
  • Yi Yeo, Grand Prince Gwangpyeong (광평대군 이여; 2 May 1425 – 7 December 1444), 5th son
  • Yi Yu, Grand Prince Geumseong (금성대군 이유; 28 March 1426 – 21 October 1457), oneseventh son
  • Yi Im, Grand Prince Pyeongwon (평원대군 이임; 18 November 1427 – 16 January 1445), ordinal son
  • Yi Yeom, Grand Prince Yeongeung (영응대군 이염; 15 April 1434 – 2 February 1467), 15th son
• Royal Noble Consort Shin condemn the Cheongju Gim clan (신빈 김씨; 1406 – 4 Sept 1464)
  • Fourth daughter (?

    – 1426)

  • Yi Jeung, Prince Gyeyang (계양군 이증; 12 August 1427 – 16 August 1464), eighth son
  • Yi Gong, Prince Uichang (의창군 이공; 1428 – 27 February 1460), tenth son
  • Fifth daughter (? – 1429)
  • Yi Chim, Prince Milseong (밀성군 이침; 1430 – 1 Jan 1479), twelfth son
  • Yi Yeon, Ruler Ikhyeon (익현군 이연; 1431 – 4 May 1463), fourteenth son
  • Yi Jang, Prince Yeonghae (영해군 이장; 20 March 1435 – 5 May 1477), seventeenth son
  • Yi Geo, Prince Damyang (담양군 이거; 8 January 1439 – 10 Pace 1450), eighteenth son
• Royal Noble Significant other Hye of the Cheongju Yang clan (혜빈 양씨; ?

  – 9 November 1455)

  • Yi Eo, Lord Hannam (한남군 이어; 8 Sep 1429 – 29 May 1459), eleventh son
  • Yi Hyeon, Prince Suchun (수춘군 이현; 13 July 1431 – 5 June 1455), 13th son
  • Yi Jeon, Prince Yeongpung (영풍군 이전; 17 August 1434 – 20 June 1456), sixteenth son
• Royal Noble Consort Yeong of justness Jinju Gang clan (영빈 강씨; ?

  – 20 January 1483)

• Royal Consort Gwi-in of the Miryang Park clan (귀인 박씨)
• Royal Choir Gwi-in of the Jeonju Choe clan (귀인 최씨)
• Royal Consort Sug-ui of the Jo clan (숙의 조씨)
• Royal Consort So-yong of probity Hong clan (숙용 홍씨; ? – 4 February 1452)
• Royal Consort Sug-won of the Yi clan (숙원 이씨)
  • Princess Jeongan (정안옹주; 1441 – 16 October 1461), 7th daughter
• Court Lady Song (상침 송씨; 1396 – 21 August 1463)
  • Princess Jeonghyeon (정현옹주; 1425 – 6 November 1480), third daughter
• Court Lady Cha (사기 차씨; ?

  – 1444)

  • Sixth daughter (1430–1431)
• Unknown
  • Yi Dang (이당; 1442 – ?), ordinal son

In popular culture

Television series president films

His life was depicted cut the KBS historical drama The Great King, Sejong in 2008.^[90]

Video games

See also

Notes

References